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The United States Social Security Administration (SSA)〔(SSA Pub. No 25-1556 p. 7)〕 is an independent agency of the United States federal government that administers Social Security, a social insurance program consisting of retirement, disability, and survivors' benefits. To qualify for most of these benefits, most workers pay Social Security taxes on their earnings; the claimant's benefits are based on the wage earner's contributions. The Social Security Administration was established by a law codified at . Its current commissioner, Carolyn W. Colvin (Acting), was sworn in on February 14, 2013, succeeding Michael J. Astrue. SSA is headquartered in Woodlawn, Maryland, just to the west of Baltimore, at what is known as Central Office. The agency includes 10 regional offices, 8 processing centers, approximately 1300 field offices, and 37 Teleservice Centers. , about 62,000 people were employed by SSA.〔SSA, (How We're Organized ), accessed 4 September 2007〕 Headquarters non-supervisory employees of SSA are represented by American Federation of Government Employees Local 1923. Social Security is the largest social welfare program in the United States. For the year 2014, the net cost of social security was 906.4 billion dollars which accounted for 21% of government expenditure. It has been named the 6th best place to work in the federal government. == History == The Social Security Act created a Social Security Board (SSB), to oversee the administration of the new program. It was created as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal with the signing of the Social Security Act of 1935 on August 14, 1935.〔(SSA Pub. No 25-1556 p. 15)〕 The Board consisted of three presidentially appointed executives, and started with no budget, no staff, and no furniture. It obtained a temporary budget from the Federal Emergency Relief Administration headed by Harry Hopkins.〔 The first Social Security office opened in Austin, Texas, on October 14, 1936.〔(Social Security History SSA's First Field Office )〕 Social Security taxes were first collected in January 1937, along with the first one-time, lump-sum payments.〔 The first person to receive monthly retirement benefits was Ida May Fuller of Brattleboro, Vermont. Her first check, dated January 31, 1940 was in the amount of US$22.54. In 1939, the Social Security Board merged into a cabinet-level Federal Security Agency, which included the SSB, the U.S. Public Health Service, the Civilian Conservation Corps, and other agencies. In January 1940, the first regular ongoing monthly benefits were begun.〔 In 1946, the SSB was renamed the Social Security Administration under President Harry S. Truman's Reorganization Plan. In 1972, Cost of Living Adjustments (COLAs) were introduced into SSA programs to deal with the effects of inflation on fixed incomes. In 1953, the Federal Security Agency was abolished and SSA was placed under the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, which became the Department of Health and Human Services in 1980. In 1994, President Bill Clinton signed into law returning SSA to the status of an independent agency in the executive branch of government. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Social Security Administration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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